We develop Granger causality tests that apply directly to data sampled at different frequencies. We show that taking advantage of mixed frequency data allows us to better recover causal relationships when compared to the conventional common low frequency approach.
Entrepreneurship is encoded in the DNA of Rebecca White, director of the Entrepreneurship Center at The University of Tampa where she is James W. Walter Distinguished Chair of Entrepreneurship. She is currently a Keohane Distinguished Visiting Professor at UNC-Chapel Hill and Duke University.
Private labels (PLs) represent a major opportunity for retailers, and a severe threat to brand manufacturers. However, considerable heterogeneity can be observed in PL growth rates across markets, creating ambiguity about their future growth potential. This poses a formidable challenge to both brands and retailers on how to allocate resources across different markets to prepare for the future.
An analysis shows the overall number of suppliers and countries supplying goods did not change significantly from 2019 to 2021. Companies did shift away from riskier countries like China, and delivery patterns also changed.
David S. Van Pelt Family Distinguished Professor of Marketing, UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School